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| 1. | In the court case ____ v Board of Education of Topeka, the court ruled that separate school facilities were inherently unequal and unconstitutional. |
| 2. | Many white ____ groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan, conducted terrorist attacks on African Americans. |
| 3. | The 15th Amendment prohibited denying the right to vote based on this. White Southerners used other forms of discrimination to try to deny blacks the right to vote, such as requiring blacks to pass written examinations. |
| 6. | A slave sued for freedom in the ____ ____ case. He believed that because he lived for two years in a free state, he should also be free. The court ruled against him and said that blacks were not American citizens. (2 words) |
| 8. | As this was originally written, a slave was counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of taxation and representation in Congress. |
| 10. | Many blacks found it hard to find jobs in Northern cities where immigrants from this continent were often given the best job opportunities. |
| 12. | Jim Crow laws legalized this form of discrimination. |
| 14. | Between 1910 and 1925 more than a million blacks moved to the industrial cities of the ____. |
| 17. | The ____ Amendment (1870) guaranteed blacks the right to vote. |
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| 4. | Early colonial laws considered slaves to be this to their owners. |
| 5. | So many slaves died during the voyage from Africa to the Americas that these animals often followed slave ships. |
| 7. | During this period after the Civil War, a total of 22 African Americans were elected to Congress. Hundreds of African Americans were also elected to state and local positions. |
| 9. | A person who made a voluntary agreement to work in exchange for passage to America. (2 words) |
| 11. | People who were a part of the Underground Railroad and went to the South to help slaves escape. |
| 13. | The first African slaves that were brought to the Americas lived here. |
| 15. | The Civil ____ Act of 1964 made it illegal to discriminate based on race, religion, or national origin. |
| 16. | The ____ Slave Act of 1850 made it very easy for a slaveowner to prove that he owned a slave. |
| 17. | The ____ Amendment (1865) abolished slavery. |
| 18. | The cotton ____ was a machine that cleaned cotton of its seeds and made cotton production very profitable. The plantation owners became dependent on slaves to produce cotton. |
| 19. | Slaves performed many types of jobs. They were blacksmiths, carpenters, household workers, and performed many other jobs. The majority of slaves worked in the South's huge cotton and sugar ____. |
| 20. | A type of arrangement where former slaves worked on white men's land and gave them half their crops in return. |
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