1 The U.S. Constitution formed a strong central government for our country. In order to preserve the rights of the states and keep America a united nation, a system of federalism was used. Federalism shares government power between national and state governments allowing for diversity and unity at the same time. Diversity is encouraged by giving states the power to make laws for its citizens as long as the laws do not conflict with the U.S. Constitution. States have the power to conduct elections, issue licenses, and regulate trade within their borders. Unity is encouraged by allowing states to share the power to collect taxes, build roads, and establish courts. Other powers of the federal and state governments are strictly prohibited. States may not form treaties with other countries. They cannot print money or tax import or export trade. States must protect the rights of its citizens through due process - ensuring that citizens are treated fairly under the law. The federal government cannot change state boundaries, use tax money without proper legislation, or tax trade between states.
2 State governments are run in a similar fashion to our federal government. However, states are generally more democratic than the government in Washington, D.C. Generally, the high-ranking officials in a state are elected by popular vote. This includes the governor, executive branch officials (such as secretary of state and lieutenant governor), judges, and legislators. In states where the governor is given the power to appoint high-ranking officials, the power of the governor is increased.
