Stream Systems

Stream Systems

Stream Systems
Reading Level

	edHelper's suggested reading level:	high interest, readability grades 4 to 6
	Flesch-Kincaid grade level:	4.47

Vocabulary

	challenging words:		bedrock, watershed, volume, directly, creeks, banks, downhill, sheets, rocks, whose, rainwater, longer, destination, channel, east, surface
	content words:		Grand Canyon, Niagara Gorge, Niagara Falls, Mississippi River, Rocky Mountains, North America, Continental Divide, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean

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Stream Systems
By Patti Hutchison

¹     What happens to rainwater after the rain stops? Some of it evaporates. Some of it soaks into the ground. Sometimes the ground is full. No more can soak in. If the land has a slope, the water runs downhill.

²     At first it flows in sheets. Eventually it collects in a small channel. A channel is a groove in the earth's surface. As the water flows through it, it carves a path in the bedrock underneath. Channels usually form high up in the mountains.

³     Sometimes the water in the channel dries up soon after the rain. But when it rains again, it will fill with water. The groove becomes wider and deeper. It gets longer. As more water enters the channel, a stream will form.

⁴     A stream is a body of water that flows downhill. On steep slopes the water flows very fast. At first, the path might not be clear. As more water enters the stream, it carves a deeper groove into the bedrock. Stream banks are formed. They hold the water in the channel. You may have stood on a stream bank and skipped rocks over the water.

⁵     As a stream flows, it erodes the bedrock beneath it. A stream valley is formed. This is a V-shaped channel that has steep sides. Sometimes a canyon or gorge is formed. The Grand Canyon is a good example of a stream valley. The Niagara Gorge at the base of Niagara Falls is also an example of a stream valley.

Paragraphs 6 to 12:
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