edHelper.com Geography

Africa

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Africa
Reading Level

	edHelper's suggested reading level:	grades 5 to 6
	Flesch-Kincaid grade level:	7.15

Vocabulary

	challenging words:		second-largest, southward, northward, destruction, hemisphere, fourth-largest, mines, irrigation, savannas, region, lies, continent, rainforest, separate, environment, equator
	content words:		Only Asia, Red Sea, Suez Canal, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Sahara Desert, Middle East, Other Middle Eastern, Sub-Saharan Africa

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Africa By Cindy Grigg

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¹     Africa is the second-largest continent. Only Asia is bigger. Africa is near Asia and Europe. They are not separated by large oceans. They are separated by smaller bodies of water. The Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Suez Canal separate Africa from Asia. The Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar separate Africa from Europe.
 
²     Oceans surround the rest of Africa. The Atlantic Ocean lies on the western side. On the eastern side lies the Indian Ocean. The equator passes across the middle of Africa. Part of Africa falls in the northern hemisphere and part in the southern hemisphere. Most of Africa is in the eastern hemisphere, with a small part in the western hemisphere.
 
³     A large desert covers more than one-fourth of Africa. The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It begins near Africa's Mediterranean coast. It stretches 1,200 miles southward. The hottest temperature ever recorded in the world was in Libya in 1922. It was 136 degrees Fahrenheit or 58 degrees Celsius. Some of the sand dunes in the Sahara are seven hundred feet high!
 
⁴     Five countries of northern Africa are part of the Middle East. They are Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Egypt. Other Middle Eastern countries are in Asia. In the northern region live Egyptians, Berbers, and Arabs. They are white. South of the Sahara, known as Sub-Saharan Africa, most Africans are black.
 
⁵     Early explorers knew of northern Africa and its people. The harsh Sahara Desert did not allow travel southward. For many years, the interior of the continent was a mystery. For this reason, it was called "the dark continent."

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