Other Ways of Determining Age

Other Ways of Determining Age

Other Ways of Determining Age
Reading Level

	edHelper's suggested reading level:	high interest, readability grades 6 to 8
	Flesch-Kincaid grade level:	6

Vocabulary

challenging words:

igneous, sedimentary, intrusion, magma, elsewhere, lava, itself, harden, layer, cause, evidence, geologists, difficult, apply, history, believe

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Other Ways of Determining Age
By Patti Hutchison

¹     Uplifting, tilting, folding, and faulting. Sedimentary rock layers are often disturbed by forces within the Earth. This makes them difficult to study. The law of superposition does not always apply. How do scientists determine age under these circumstances? There are many methods.

²     Older layers of rock are often exposed at the Earth's surface. They are weathered and eroded. New sediments are deposited on top. They harden to form new sedimentary rock layers. This is an example of an unconformity.

³     Unconformities cause a gap in the ages of the rock layers above and below them. There is also a gap in the ages of the fossils these layers contain. This evidence tells scientists when and where changes have happened on the Earth's surface.

⁴     Scientists also study faults to help them know when changes in the Earth have occurred. A fault is a crack in a rock. Movement can take place at a fault. Rock layers on one side may shift up or down from the rock layers on the other side.

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