Animal Antifreeze

Animal Antifreeze

Animal Antifreeze

A Short Reader

Reading Level

	edHelper's suggested reading level:	grades 3 to 5
	Flesch-Kincaid grade level:	4.12

Vocabulary

challenging words:

anti-freezing, antifreeze, enable, hypothermia, water, below, form, perhaps, damage, kinds, apart, fish, than, salt, blood, also

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Animal Antifreeze
By Cindy Grigg

¹     Water freezes at 32 degrees F. or 0 degrees C. Fish that live in the waters around Antarctica survive in water that is even colder than 0 degrees C. How can that be?

²     Ocean water is salt water. The salt in the water changes its freezing point. Salt water freezes at about two degrees below zero degrees Celsius. Some fish have adapted to living even in this very cold water. Their bodies make a special protein. It acts like antifreeze in the cells of the fish. The protein sticks to any ice crystals that form in the fish's cells. This stops the ice crystals from getting any bigger. If they did, they would break the cells apart. Then the cells would die. If too many cells die, the fish would die, too.

Paragraphs 3 to 4:
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