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 Genes

Genes
Reading Level
     edHelper's suggested reading level:   grades 6 to 8
     Flesch-Kincaid grade level:   6.41

Vocabulary
     challenging words:    brown-eyed, colorblindness, determined, recessive, sex-linked, deoxyribonucleic, hemophilia, fertilization, characteristic, probability, chromosome, fraternal, sperm, organism, inherit, clone

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Genes
By Cindy Grigg 		  
1     Have you ever seen a cat with a litter of baby kittens when all the kittens look different? Each kitten may have different hair colors, markings, or eye colors. Why? Each kitten received a different combination of genes from its parents.
 
2     Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for the traits of an organism from parents to offspring. Genes are located on chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. A chromosome is two very tightly coiled strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
 
3     Each type of organism has a fixed number of chromosomes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in every cell of their bodies, except in the egg and sperm cells. Each egg and sperm cell has only 23 chromosomes. When an egg and a sperm cell combine during fertilization, they produce one cell with 46 chromosomes.

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