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Earth Has Its Faults Earthquakes

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Earth Has Its Faults
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Reading Level

	edHelper's suggested reading level:	high interest, readability grades 4 to 5
	Flesch-Kincaid grade level:	3.98

Vocabulary

	challenging words:		offset, scarp, strike-slip, lateral, compression, original, reverse, between, breathtaking, stress, thrust, interesting, meters, crack, level, rocks
	content words:		San Andreas Fault, Pacific Plate, North American Plate, Andreas Fault

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Earth Has Its Faults By Patti Hutchison

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¹     A fault is a break between two blocks of rock where there has been movement. Rocks can move apart or together. Sometimes they slide past one another. This movement can occur quickly, causing an earthquake. Or it can happen very slowly, in the form of creep. Faults can be a few millimeters or thousands of kilometers in length.
 
²     Stress within the Earth's crust can cause a fault. The rock above the fault is called a hanging wall. The rock below is called the foot wall. Rocks move along the faults. The area where the movement occurs is called the fault plane. The movement that takes place determines what type of fault occurs.
 
³     There are several different types of faults. One is called a normal fault, even though it is not the most common kind of fault. What is normal about this kind of fault is that it follows the gravitational pull on the fault blocks. The movement is in a vertical direction.

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